The Basic Guide To Understanding Igbt (Power Modules)

The Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor IGBT power module is a semiconductor device typically used as an electronic switch for various industrial equipment that require high voltage. It has a unique blend of qualities of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) and a Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), which makes it an ideal switching device. The inspiration for high input impedance and switching speeds is taken from MOSFETs and low saturation voltage from BJTs. There are two types of IGBT, one is punch-through IGBT and the other is non-punch-through IGBT.

How IGBT Works

The functioning of an IGBT is quite simple as it only requires a small amount of voltage to retain the conduction in an electronic device. Since it is a unidirectional semiconductor, the current flows from the collector to the emitter, and it switches on in the forward direction.

Advantages of IGBT                                                                 

The IGBT is suitable for numerous applications in power electronics, which makes it a desirable option. It not only improves performance and efficiency but also reduces the amount of noise the power electronics make. Mentioned below are some advantages of semiconductor, such as an IGBT.

1.      Easy to Turn On and Off

The IGBT is designed in such a way that it can easily and rapidly turn on and off by synthesizing complex waveforms. It can be turned on by applying a positive gate voltage and turned off by taking the gate signal down to zero or negative. This is the reason why it is widely used in switching industrial control systems and amplifiers in sound systems.

2.      Wider Safe Operating Area

The wide safe operating area (SOA) of IGBT makes it a beneficial semiconductor device. SOA is the condition of current and voltage in a particular area where the IGBT operates without causing self-damage. Additionally, IGBT has superior current conduction capabilities, creating a wider SOA.

With easy functioning and many advantages, IGBT is largely considered an ideal switch. Mitsubishi Electric India offers IGBT that can operate in UPS systems, power supplies, solenoids, inverters, and more.